History of Batik in Indonesia

History of Batik in Indonesia | HISTORY OF CULTURE | Art coloring coloring fabric with prevention techniques using night is one of the ancient art form. The discovery in Egypt show that this technique has been known since the 4th century BC, with the discovery mummy wrapping cloth which is also coated the night to form a pattern. In Asia, a similar technique of batik is also applied in China during the T'ang Dynasty (618-907) as well as in India and Japan during the Nara period (645-794).

In Africa, such as batik technique known by the Yoruba tribe in Nigeria, as well as the Soninke and Wolof tribe in Senegal. In Indonesia, batik is believed to have existed since the time of Majapahit, and became very popular late eighteenth century or early nineteenth century. Produced batik batik is it all until the early twentieth century and the new batik known after World War I or sometime in the 1920s.

Although the word "batik" comes from the Javanese, the presence of batik in Java itself was not recorded. G.P. Rouffaer argues that the batik technique is probably introduced from India or Sri Lanka in the 6th century, or to-7. On the other hand, J.L.A. Brandes (Dutch archaeologist) and F.A. Sutjipto (archaeologist Indonesia) believe that the tradition of batik is a native of the region such as the Toraja, Flores, Halmahera and Papua. It should be noted that the region is not an area that is influenced by Hinduism but it is known to have ancient tradition of batik making.

G.P. Rouffaer gringsing also reported that the pattern has been known since the 12th century in Kediri, East Java. He concluded that this pattern can only be formed by using a canting, so he argues that the canting is found in Java in the period surrounding it.

Legend in Malay literature of the 17th century, Sulalatus Salatin told Admiral Hang Nadim ordered by Sultan Mahmud to sail to India to get 140 pieces of fabric litter with 40 kinds of flower patterns on each page. Being unable to fulfill orders, he made himself that the fabrics. But unfortunately shipwrecked on the way home and only capable of carrying four pieces that make the emperor was disappointed. By some commentators, who? litter was interpreted as batik.

In European literature, batik technique was first described in the book History of Java (London, 1817) writings of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. He had been a British Governor of Java during Napoleon occupied the Netherlands. In 1873 a Dutch merchant Van Rijekevorsel give a piece of batik, which is obtained during a visit to Indonesia to the Ethnic Museum in Rotterdam and at the beginning of the 19th century that is beginning to reach the golden batik. When exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900, Indonesian batik amaze the public and artists.

Since the industrialization and globalization, which introduces automation techniques, new types emerged batik, known as batik and batik prints, while the traditional batik technique produced by handwriting using canting and night is called batik. At the same time, immigrants from Indonesia to Malaya Fellowship also carries batik with them.