SEA TRIBE - Riau Province

HISTORY OF CULTURE | SEA TRIBE - Riau Province | Sea Tribe or often also called The Sea is a tribe that inhabited the Riau Islands, Indonesia. In broader terms include the Sea People "various tribes and groups that settled in the islands and estuaries in the Riau Islands-Linga, Seven Island, Batam Island, and coastal areas and islands off the coast of East Sumatra and the Malay peninsula south. "

Another name for the Sea People are People Strait. Sea People are sometimes confused with other maritime tribes, pirates People

Historically, The Sea used to be a pirate, but plays an important role in the kingdom of Srivijaya, the Sultanate of Malacca and Johor Sultanate. They guard the straits, repel pirates, traders guide to the port of the kingdom-the kingdom, and maintain their hegemony in the area

The language of the Sea

The language of the Sea has a resemblance to Malay and Malay is classified as Local. Currently, they generally work as fishermen. As The Sea Bajau tribe is sometimes dubbed as a "wanderer of the sea", because they moved to live on a boat.

History

In the glory days of Malacca, The Sea is an important supporter of the maritime kingdom. When Malacca fell they continued their allegiance to the descendants of the Sultan of Malacca who later founded the Sultanate of Johor. When the Dutch were planning an attack that began to rise rival Johor Malacca - which in the 17th century the Dutch seized upon - the Sultan of Johor threatened to order the People Sea People Sea to stop the protection on Dutch ships.

In 1699 Sultan Mahmud Shah, the last descendants of the Malacca-Johor dynasty, was killed. Sea People who refuse to acknowledge the Treasurer dynasty ascended the throne as the new sultan of Johor, as Treasurer of the family suspected of being involved in the murder. When in 1718 the King of Small, a Minangkabau adventurers claim to the throne of Johor, the Sea People give their support. But with the support of soldiers from Bugis Sultan Sulaiman Shah dynasty Treasurer regained the throne of Johor. With the help of the people of the Sea (the tribe and the tribe headdress Bentan) helped establish the Sultanate of Siak Raja Kecil, after being expelled from Johor.

In the 18th century role as the Sea People guard the Strait of Malacca to Johor-Riau Sultanate gradually replaced by the Bugis.

ALAS TRIBE - Southeast Aceh Regency

HISTORY OF CULTURE | ALAS TRIBE - Southeast Aceh Regency | Alas tribe is one of the tribes who settled in Southeast Aceh Regency, Aceh Province (which is also commonly known as Tanah Alas). The word "pedestal" in Alas means "mat". This is something to do with the circumstances that area that stretches flat as a mat on the sidelines of the Bukit Barisan. Alas Land area traversed many rivers, one of whom is the Lawe Alas (Alas River).

Alas most of the tribes living in the countryside and live off agriculture and livestock. Land Foundation is a granary for the region of Aceh. But other than that they are also gardening rubber, coffee, and hazelnut, and to find a variety of forest products, such as wood, rattan, resins and incense. While they ternakkan animals are horses, goats, buffalo, and cows.

Alas village or village people called Kute. A Kute usually inhabited by one or several clans, called the merge. Members of the merge comes from a common ancestor. The pattern of their family life is togetherness and unity. They drew a line of patrilineal descent, meaning the male lineage. They also adhere to traditional exogamy merge, meaning that a mate should be sought in another merge.

Interest Alas 100% are Muslims. But there is also a shamanic practices such as trust in agricultural activities. They perform ceremonies with certain background beliefs to their farms bring good results or protected from pests.

History

Ukhang pads or pads or inverse Khang had settled in the valley of the Alas Alas, long before the Dutch colonial government into Indonesia where the state of the Alas valley residents have been immortalized in a book written by a Dutch named Radermacher (1781:8), when viewed from the record history of Islam to the Land Alas, in the year 1325 (Effendy, 1960:26) then obviously this population already exists, although still a nomad by embracing animist beliefs.

Alas name intended for one or ethnic group, while the area is called the word Tanoh Alas Alas. According Kreemer (1922:64) the word "Alas" is derived from the name of a head of ethnicity (the grandson of King Lambing), he settled in the village of the oldest in the village of Stone Alas Tanoh Mbulan.

According to Iwabuchi (1994:10) king who first settled in Tanoh Alas Batumbulan is located in the village known as the offspring of Lambing KING KING Lotung or known by the grandson of TATAE MONTH TEACHER Land of Samosir Batak, Tatae are siblings of the Month KING SUMBA. Teachers Tatae Moon has five children, namely Raja Uti, Saribu King, Limbong, Sagala, and Glare King. Saribu King is the King of his parents and the King Lontung Borbor. King Lontung mempuyai seven children namely, Sinaga, Situmorang, Pandiangan, Nainggolan, Simatupang, Arita, and Siregar, known as siampudan or payampulan. Pandiangan an ancestor Pande, Suhut Nihuta, Gultom, Samosir, Harianja, Pakpahan, Sitinjak, Solin in Dairi, Sebayang in Tanah Karo, and SELIAN in Tanah Alas, Keluet in South Aceh.

Lambing is the ancestor of King merga Sebayang in Tanah Karo and Selian in Tanah Alas. Lambing King is the youngest child of three brothers of the eldest brother is King Patuha in Dairi, and number two is King Kluet hornbills who migrated to South Aceh, the descendants and followers are merga Pinem or Pinim.

King then moved to Tanah Karo Lambing where the descendants and followers are merga Sebayang with areas of up to perbesi Tigabinanga and Gugung Karo District.
It is estimated that in the 12th century King Lambing emigrated to the Land of Karo Alas, and settled in the village of Batumbulan, descendants and followers are merga Selian. In the Land of King Alas Lambing has three children, King Lelo (Raje Catfish) and his descendants in Ngkeran, later King Adeh which is Kertan ancestors and his people, and the third is that Kaye Raje descendants settled in Batumbulan, including Bathin. Lambing Raje descendants in the Land Alas until 2000, has mempuyai descent to 26 who live scattered in the region Alas Land (Effendy, 1960:36; Sebayang 1986:17).

After King Lambing later following a god king whose wife is the daughter of King Lambing. Lambing king handed the reins of leadership of the King to the King of Gods (law). Known as Malik Ibrahim, the bearer of Islam to the famous Tanah Alas. Evidence of this historical site is located in Muara Lawe attitude, Batumbulan village. Malik Ibrahim has one son and named ALAS and through 2000 has had a descent to 27 who reside in the district of Southeast Aceh, Banda Aceh, Medan, Malaysia and elsewhere.

There are things that attract the attention of an agreement between the son of King Lambing (King Adeh, Kaye and Raje Catfish King) with the Gods son of King (King Alas) that syi'ar Islam brought by the King of Gods accepted by the whole society Alas, but that belongs to the customs by King Lambing remains in common use, brevity of life conceived customary law was conceived to death (Islam) so it is clear that the assimilation of the cultural customs of the tribe Alas has been going on since hundreds of years ago.

At the beginning of Malik Ibrahim kedatanganya migration through the eastern coast (Pasai) before there is agreement on, he still holds matrealistik of Minang culture Kabau, so his son as heir to the kingdom of King Alas follow the lineage and the mother of Selian merga. After King Alas received from King Lambing assimilation with the teachings of Islam, since it began to settle his descendants settled his line following the line of my father. Alas king also known as the heir to the kingdom, because of the large inheritance left by his father and grandfather since that's known as Tanoh Alas. After attendance at Batumbulan Selian, appears again another kingdom known as the base Sekedang Bambel territory covers up to Lawe Wells. King sekedang according to some information at the beginning of the Land Alas kehadiranya is to find the parents of the migrants to KING GOD Land Alas. King Sekedang which is the first one to come to the Land Alas there are an estimated mid-13 th century ago is named Nazarudin known as Datuk HAIR calls that come from Pasai.

The next arrivals during the King Foundation is a group of Acehnese coast Megit Ali and his descendants developed in Biak Muli known as merga Beruh. Then occurred the next migrants who formed several genera, but they remain an expansion of Batumbulan, residents Batumbulan mempuyai several groups or merga that includes Pale Dese who settled in the northwestern part of terutung Batumbulan pedi, and then present Selian group, the group came Sinaga, Keruas and Pagan joined another clan besides that Munthe, Pinim and Karo-Karo.

Marga Pale Dese is a resident who first occupied the land Alas, but do not have a kingdom in recorded history. Then there were also Deski who settled in the west end of village.

while according to Bernard HM Vlekke "Nusantara: A History of Indonesia" Translated by: Samsudin Berlin (Archipelago: History of Indonesia) Printed by: PT Gramedia, Jakarta, ed 4, 2008.

ISLES Indonesia is located in the main sea route between the eastern and southern Asia. In between these regions, with the bias itself is expected to have populations of various races. Racial mixture in the Hindu is very interesting because it happened to the three major races of mankind living in the surrounding continents. Anthropological discoveries add much complexity to the study of racial problems in the cluster island. There is no doubt that Java should be considered where tingal one of the earliest human race. In 1890 Dr. Eugene Dubolis found the remains of a skeleton that seems to not be classified either as an ape or a human. Scientific discussions about the remains of "Pithecanthopus erectus" (the name suggested Dubois) resulted in an uncertain conclusion. For a long time, few new discoveries that are biased to explain this difficult problem. But 40 years later, this picture changed suddenly.

Between 1931 and 1941, anthropologist Oppenoorth and Von Koenigswald discovered fossil remains of some ancient human species originating from the early or mid-Pleistocene Kala. All of these findings occurred in the vicinity of Surakarta in Java Tenggah. The discovery turned out to be very important for anthropology and biology in general. But it did not mean for the history of Indonesia. People Indonesia primeval descendants of immigrants from Asia.

Between the time of the arrival of immigrants Pithecanthpopus and there may be thousands of times throughout the centuries. There are several theories regarding the ethnological development of Indonesia. Linguistic and racial situation is very complex. Several hundreds of languages ??in the islands dipercakapan Indonesai, and often several languages ??were spoken in a small island. Residents of the small area can consist of a very different racial types. There is not one island, betapun slight, the population is not a racial mix-ups, and in all the islands (except Java) we discover primitive tribes living alongside people with a high degree of civilization. One of the most striking aspect of this problem was that in every big island there is a big difference between coastal and inland populations. P. and F. Sarasin brothers, the famous explorer interior of Sulawesi, is the first by scientists who formulate a plausible theory of civilization among the tribes of the interior with the inhabitants of this coast.

This theory was later further developed by other anthropologists, anthropology. Sarasins theory is that the indigenous population of Indonesia is archipelago is a dark-skinned race of small stature, and that this race was originally inhabited the whole of southeastern Asia. At that time the area is one solid land. Of course, from the period glasia ice never covered the islands of the East Indies, but at the end of the last glacial period the sea level rose so high that the South China Sea and Java Sea are formed and separating the volcanic mountainous region of Indonesia from the mainland. In vain the natives considered separate still live in rural areas, while coastal areas inhabited by the recently formed new arrivals. Sarasins descendants of the original race was called Vedda people, according to the name of one of the most famous tribes who entered this group, the ethnic group in Cambodia Hieng, Miao and Yao-tse-jen in China, as well as Senoi in peninsula Malaya.

In the islands of Indonesia are the people who live in the Sumatran jungle (stronghold, Lubu, and Mamak) and Toala in Sulawesi. Research in the future allow further decomposition of the complex threads that make up the pattern of racial Indonesia. Collection of anthropological and archaeological evidence seems to indicate that the oldest population of the Indonesian archipelago is closely related to Melanesian ancestors of today and that "Vedda" mentioned Sarasin include negrito race which, although rare, there are still all over Africa, South Asia, and Oceania. So Vadda is "immigration" into the world's first island is uninhabited and still can be distinguished from their predecessors thanks to the model of stone tools they left behind. Both races must have been living on the stage "mesolitik" primitive culture. Long after the arrival of two new wave of immigrants Negrito spread in Indonesia. They are clearly the type of neolithic culture and their early settlements that resemble ancient Chinese pottery. The newcomer is certainly much larger than the native population and their arrival forced the natives and earlier immigrants who come seeking refuge in the forests. Even today people from the tribes of this nation shy and rarely seen unless they visited the place in the interior are still wild.

They had no choice but to merge or perish. Sarasins newcomer is called the Proto Malays and Deutero Malay. Since their arrival in two waves of migration, separated in time limit which, according to estimates more than 2,000 years. Proto Malay grandmother monyang believed was possible from all the people who are now considered entry Malay Polynesian groups which spread from Madagascar to the easternmost islands in the Pacific, they are expected to migrate to the Indonesian archipelago from southern China. In China their original place of residence is estimated to lie in a region roughly including the Yunnan province now. From there they migrated to Indonesia and Siam, and then to the Islands of Indonesia.

Their arrival seemed simultaneously with the emergence of the first neolithic tools in Indonesia and thus can be set on around 3,000 BC. According to the theory Sarasin, a descendant of Proto Malays in turn pushed inland by the arrival of new immigrants, Deutero Malays, who also came from the northern part of Indochina and surrounding regions. Deutero Malay identified with the person who introduced iron tools and weapons into the world of the Indonesian archipelago. Studies on the development of civilization in Indochina seemed to indicate a date for the event: the immigration took place between 300 and 200 BC. By itself Proto Malays and Deutero Malay mingle freely, which explains the difficulty to distinguish the two racial groups were among the people of Indonesia. Proto Malay deemed to include Alas and Gayo in northern Sumatra and the Toraja in Sulawesi. Almost everyone else in Indonesia, except the people of Papua and nearby islands, included in class Deutero Malay.

THE BANGKA ISLAND

HISTORY OF CULTURE | THE BANGKA ISLAND | Bangka Island is one of the areas under the authority of the Sultanate of Palembang, since the collapse of the power of the Sultanate of Palembang and Bangka territory handed over to the UK in 1812. In 1814, the British government of the island of Bangka bartered with Cochin in India, which had belonged to the Dutch. During World War 2 pemerintahJepang the winner at that time controlled the island of Bangka tahun1942 to 1945.

After the Japanese in 1945 surrendered unconditionally to the Allies as well as almost all parts of Indonesia experienced a power vacuum, then the island of Bangka after the proclamation of independence became part of Indonesia in 1949. The island of Bangka Belitung island along with initially a part of South Sumatra province through 2000 after a change in the political map of Indonesia and the upheaval in 1998 that led to the fall of the Suharto regime, at the insistence of the people on the island of Bangka and Belitung islands later in the year 2000 Bangka and Belitung islands then passed as an escape from the province and South Sumatra and passed into a province called Bangka Belitung Islands.

Sriwijaya
Historical records reveal that under the Bangka Island during the Srivijaya empire once inhabited by Hindus in the 7th century and Bangka island as well as an area including the subject of a great empire. Aside from being a territory of Sriwijaya, Bangka Island was also the region kekausaan some great empire of Majapahit kingdom of Java such as when it was under the rule of King Hayam Wuruk with companion mahapatih Gajah Mada and the kingdom of Mataram was recorded as well as the kingdoms that once ruled the island of Bangka.

But both in the kingdom and the Majapahit kingdom Sriwijawa nor Mataram Bangka island received less attention, although the location is very strategic in the middle of the cruise line international trade traffic. Only after the trade of mainland Asia and Europe are competing to the Indonesian island of Bangka began to attract attention, after the discovery of spices. Lack of attention to the islands of Bangka and Belitung cause many pirates who made the island of Bangka and Belitung used as pirate hideouts that have an impact on the misery for residents.

Sultanate of Johor
To overcome the chaos and security around the Strait of Malacca shipping, then the Sultan of Johor by the allies and the Raja Alam Sutan Garang Tigers rally the troops to this island. After the liberation mission of the islands of Bangka and Belitung Island did well, the Sultan of Johor and its allies also developed a position of Islam in their respective places and Bangkakota Kotawaringin. But unfortunately this did not last long, then go back into the nest of the Pacific island of pirates.

Sultanate of Banten
Because he felt aggrieved by not amanya also cruise around the waters of Malacca, especially around the island of Bangka and Belitung, especially after they take away from the ships of the merchants of the Sultan of Banten Banten sent Regent archipelago to exterminate pirates operating around the island them. Having both is successfully controlled puleu then Regent ruled the archipelago for some time with the title of Viceroy of Bangka. It is told also that the Commander of Banten, Ratu Bagus who was forced to withdraw from pertikaiannya with the Sultan of Palembang, Bangka toward the city and died there.

After Regent archipelago's death, power passed into the hands of his only child and because her daughter is married to the Sultan of Palembang, the Sultan Abdurrachman then by itself the island of Bangka and Belitung back into power Palembang sultanate of years (1659-1707).

Sultanate of Palembang
In 1707 Sultan Abdurrachman died, and was succeeded by his son Muhammad Mansyur Queen (1707-1715).

But the younger brother of Queen Queen Anum Mohammad Kamaruddin Mansyur then raise himself as the Sultan of Palembang, replacing his brother (1715-1724), although his brother had been advised prior to death, so that his son Mahmud fled to Johor Badaruddin and Siantan, although officially been appointed as the Sultan of Palembang.

But Mahmud Badaruddin in 1724 with the help of the Armed Forces of the Sultan of Johor retake Palembang from his uncle.

Power over the island of Bangka subsequently submitted by the Wan Mahmud Badaruddin Wing, which has since some time has been moved from Siantan to Bangka with two of his brother Wan Wan Abduljabar and Serin.

The discovery of lead and VOCs
Around the year 1709 found lead, who first excavated in the River District Olin in Toboali by people upon their experience in the Johor Straits. With the discovery of this lead, begin to Bangka island visited by all sorts of boats from Asia and Europe. Tin excavation companies became more advanced, so the Sultan of Palembang send his men into the Peninsula Affairs of China to look for experts who increasingly felt very necessary.

In 1717 began to be held nexus of trade with the VOC for the sales lead. With the help of this Company, the Sultan of Palembang trying to eradicate the pirates and smuggling-smuggling tin. In 1755 the Dutch government to send trade missions to Palembang, led by Van Haak, who intends to review the results and pepper in Bangka tin. In about the year 1722 VOC entered a binding contract with the Sultan Queen Anum Kamaruddin to buy a tin monopoly, which according to reports Van.

• The right treaty between the Netherlands and the Sultan of Palembang contains:
• Sultan only sell the leads to the Company
• The Company may purchase the required amount of tin.
• As a result of this agreement then many of the island of Bangka tin sold by smuggled.

Subsequently in 1803 the Dutch government sent a mission again, led by VD Bogarts and Captain Lombart, who intend to probe carefully about tin in Bangka.

British Colonies
Tuntang Agreement on 18 September 1811 has brought another fate for the island of Bangka. On that date the deed was signed from the Dutch surrender to the British, where the island of Java and the regions surrender, Timorese, Makassar, Palembang and the following areas of a colony of the British conquest.

Raffles sent emissaries to Palembang to take over the Dutch lodge at the River Aur, but they were rejected by Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II, because the Dutch power in Kilkenny before the capitulation Tuntang is not there anymore. Raffles was unhappy with the rejection and still demand that the Sultan River lodge Aur handed, also demanded that the Sultan gave tin mines on the island of Bangka and Belitung.

On March 20, 1812 Raffles sent to Palembang expedition led by Major General Rollo Gillespie Roobert. But Gillespie failed to meet with the Sultan and the British began to implement the policy of "divide et impera" her. Gillespie picked Duke as the Sultan of Palembang prince with the title of Sultan Ahmad Najamuddin II (1812).

British recognition of Sultan Ahmad II Najamuddin made arrangements so that the islands of Bangka and Belitung handed over to Britain. On the way back to Batavia via Mentok by Gillespie, inaugurated the two islands became a British colony was named "Duke of Island" (May 20, 1812).

Back to the Dutch Colony
Then on the basis of the Convention of London on August 13, 1814, Holland received back from the UK regions which had occupied in 1803 before Napoleon invaded the Netherlands in Europe, including some areas of the Sultanate of Palembang. The receipt is carried out between M.H. Court (England) by K. Heynes (Netherlands) in Mentor on December 10, 1816.

Fraud, extortion, dewatering and transport of lead an uncertain outcome, conducted by the VOC and the UK (EIC) has finally arrived on the situation of the people lost patience. Moreover, after returning to the Dutch, who began digging a massive lead and did not think about the fate of the natives. Guerrilla warfare conducted in Musi Rawas against the Dutch, also has raised the spirit of resistance of the people on the island of Bangka and Belitung.

Then came the uprisings, for years the people of the Pacific held a resistance, fought desperately to repel the Dutch from its territory, under the leadership of Depati Merawang, Pangkal Pinang, Depati Bahrin, and Tikal and others.

Then the wife of Mahmud Badaruddin that because it does not match her husband be allowed to stay in Palembang settled in the Pacific, which is said that the wife of Sultan Mahmud was the son of Wan Abduljabar. History says that Wan Abduljabar was the second son of the Sultan of Johor Abdulhayat a trust for the government in Siantan, Abdulhayat originally was a high-ranking Chinese empire named Kian Lim Tau, which is due to dispute then fled to Johor and get protection from the Sultan. He later converted to Islam as Abdulhayat, because expertise is appointed by the Sultan of Johor to the head of State in Siantan.

THE CULTURE OF BATAK TRIBE

HISTORY OF CULTURE | THE CULTURE OF BATAK TRIBE | Batak tribe of North Sumatra. Area of origin is known as the residence of the Batak Karo Mainland High, Kangkat Hulu, Hulu Deli, Serdang Hulu, Simalungun, Toba, Mandailing and Central Tapanuli. The area is traversed by a series of Bukit Barisan in the region of North Sumatra, and there is a large lake called Lake Toba the Batak people. Judging from the administrative area, they inhabit the several district or this part of North Sumatra. Karo Regency ie, Simalungun, Dairi, North Tapanuli, and Asahan.

HISTORY

Batak kingdom was founded by a King in the country Toba sila-silahi (Silalahi) lua 'Baligi (Luat Balige), Parsoluhan village, tribe Pohan. The king in question is named Raja Alang Pardoksi magic power (Pardosi). Heyday Batak kingdom led by a king named. Sultan Maharaja in 1054 Hijri Bongsu managed to prosper the country with its political policies. 

CULTURAL ELEMENTS

A. Language
In the life and daily life, the Batak people use some accent, is: (1) Slang used by Karo Karo, (2) Slang used by Pakpak Pakpak, (3) Slang used by Simalungun Simalungun; (4) Slang used by people Toba Toba, Angkola and Mandailing.

B. Knowledge
Batak people are also familiar with the ancient system of mutual assistance in farming. In the language it is called Raron Karo activity, whereas in the Toba language it is called Marsiurupan. A group of neighbors or close relatives of people together to work the land and each member in turn. Raron it is an institution whose membership is voluntary and the long standing agreement depends on the participants.

C. Technology
Batak society has come to know and use simple equipment used to grow crops in their lives. Such as hoes, plow (plow in Karo), single stick (crank in Karo), sickle (Sabi-Sabi) or ani-ani. Batak society also have the traditional weapons, piso surit (a type of dagger), piso elephant densely packed (a keris that long), hujur (a type of spear), podang (a type of long sword). Other technological elements yaitukain ulos which is woven fabric that has many functions in the life of traditional Batak.

D. Social Organizations
a. Marriage
In the tradition of Batak tribes one can only marry with the Batak people of different clans, so if one is married he should seek a mate from another clan other than his clan. If the marriage is someone who is not from the Batak tribe, he has to be adopted by one of the Batak clan (different clans). The event was followed by a procession of marriages performed in churches because the majority of the population is Christian Batak. For marriage dowries and sisters of the bride is already married.

b. Kinship
Kinship groups Batak tribes living in rural areas called Huta or Kuta under the terms of Karo. Usually one Huta inhabited by the family of a kin group marga.Ada also called clans taneh namely the descendants of the founder of Kuta pariteral. Marga is bound by certain symbols such as clan name. The little clan is patrilineal relatives who still resides in one area. Conversely a large clan whose members live scattered so many sdah not know each other but they can recognize members by name of the clan that always came behind her first name, social stratification of the Batak people is based on four principles: (a) tigkat differences in age, (b) differences in rank and positions, (c) differences in the nature of authenticity and (d) marital status.

E. Livelihood
In general, people hobo rice cultivation in paddies and fields. Obtained from the division of land based clan. Each kelurga mandapat but the land is not allowed to sell it. In addition to lands owned land as for individuals.

Farms is also one of Batak tribe of livelihood among other buffalo farms, cows, pigs, goats, chickens, and ducks. Catching fish is done most of the population around Lake Toba. Craft sector is also growing. For example weaving, woven rattan, wood carving, temmbikar, there kaitanya with tourism.

F. Religion
In the 19th century the religion of Islam into the area south hobo penyebaranya covers. Christianity came in about the year 1863 and includes the hobo penyebaranya north. D emikian Although many rural communities hobo who was the original concept of religion pendduk mmpertahankan hobo. Batak people have the conception that the universe and its contents were created by Debeta Na Mula So Balloons and resides in the sky and have the names in accordance with the duties and kedudukanya. At Debeta So Na Balloon: residing in the heavens and is the almighty creator; Siloan Na Balom: located as ruler of the world of spirits. In conjunction with the spirits and souls of the hobo know three concepts namely: Tondi: the soul or spirit; Sahala: the soul or spirit of one's own strength; Begu: Tondinya dead. Batak people also believe in the magic powers of amulets called Tongkal.

G. Art
Dance Dance ie Tor-tor (magical); Dance serampang twelve (nature of entertainment). Traditional Musical Instruments: Gong; Saga-saga. Results from the tribe of Batak weaving craft is ulos cloth. The fabric is always displayed in the ceremony of marriage, establishing homes, funeral ceremony, transfer of the estate, welcomed the honored guests and dancing ceremonies Tor-tor. Custom fabric in accordance with an inherited belief system ancestors.

CULTURAL VALUES

1. Kinship
Batak society kinship values? embodied primarily in the implementation of custom Dalian Na Talu, where one must find a mate outside their group, people in one group are called Sabutuha (brothers), to the group that received the girl to diperistri called Hula-hula. The group that gives a girl called Boru.

2. Hagabeon
Significant cultural value long life expectancy, birth, bercucu a lot, and that is fine.

3. Hamoraan
Batak tribe that honors the value lies in the balance of the spiritual aspects and meterial.

4. Uhum and ugari
Uhum value reflected on the seriousness of the Batak people in upholding justice while ugari seen in fidelity to a promise.

5. Aegis
Aegis of the community must be given to the environment, the task entailed by the three elements in Dalihan Na Tolu.

6. Marsisarian
A value means mutual understanding, respect, and help each other.

ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

Development aspects of the Batak tribe of the entry of the school system and the emergence of an opportunity to gain social prestige. The occurrence of kinship networks are based on peoples can work well. Indigenous itself for the Batak people is sacred. Forgetting peoples are considered extremely dangerous.

Recognition of blood ties and marriage ties strengthen rope in everyday life. Mutual help between relatives in world trade and in the middle of the field of modern city life commonly seen among the Batak people. Tightness of kinship networks that surround them that gives them tremendous resilience in responding to the challenges of this century.

REFERENCES:
Hidayah, Zuliyani
1997 Encyclopedia of Ethnic Groups in Indonesia. New York: LP3ES Koentjaraningrat
1971 Man and culture in Indonesia. New York: Djambatan Melalatoa, M. Junus
1997 Encyclopedia of Ethnic Groups in Indonesia. Jakarta: Ministry of Education and culture